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New Long Acting Insulin:news.foot.com:"The American Diabetes Association (ADA) reports that 16 million Americans have diabetes—a chronic disease that can lead to life threatening complications if left untreated. In fact, more than half of patients with known type 2 diabetes have glucose levels above the ADA's recommended guidelines. Now there is a new long-acting insulin that may help people with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes control their disease. New long-acting insulin may help in the fight for control Although intensive diabetes control with insulin was once supported only in theory, several important clinical trials have evaluated the benefits of good blood sugar control to prevent or delay complications. Management of blood sugar with insulin has several forms, but most of the treatments involve a long-acting insulin with a short-acting insulin. In May, a new once-daily, long-acting insulin analog, Lantus® (insulin glargine [rDNA origin] injection) became available by prescription in the United States. Lantus is the only insulin analog used once a day that is proven to lower basal glucose levels for a full 24-hours. In addition, Lantus has a steady and continuous release. That means there is very little difference in the amount of insulin that is working in the body from one hour to the next for a full 24 hours" http://news.foot.com/news/599.html Long-Acting Insulin, Control Tips:diabetesnet.com:"How Much Do You Need? Although there are no perfect answers, almost all Type 1s, and most people with Type 2, on insulin find their control is best when their long-acting insulin (Lente, NPH, Ultralente, or the basal rate on a pump) makes up 55% to 60% of their total daily insulin dose. This level lets you skip meals, and still keep your blood sugars relatively level." http://www.diabetesnet.com/diabetes_control_tips/backgnd.php The Solution: Long-Acting Insulin Analogs:powerpak.com:"The search continues for the ideal long-acting insulin, which would be a clear solution to obviate the absorption and administration problems detailed previously, without significant peaks in blood levels and activity seen with other insulins. It would provide a steady basal level of insulin for a full 24 hours, not only to facilitate tighter glycemic control but to help limit the number of necessary daily injections. One means of reducing the rate of subcutaneous absorption is to render the insulin less soluble at the neutral pH of subcutaneous tissue. In the case of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin, this is accomplished by forming a stable complex with the more basic compound, protamine, resulting in a crystalline suspension that is absorbed more slowly." http://www.powerpak.com/PowerGraphs/1999/nov/solution.cfm Long-acting biosynthetic insulin submitted for regulatory approval in US and Europe:hmrpharma.com:""Hoechst Marion Roussel has a long and distinguished history as an innovator in the development of insulins. The development of insulin glargine enhances that rich heritage and underscores our ongoing commitment to offer novel products that will help people with diabetes to achieve better control of the disease," said Frank L. Douglas, executive vice president and head of Drug Innovation & Approval. "Because there is a significant medical need for new treatment options for the management of diabetes, we are pleased that we were able to effectively accelerate development of this new insulin and submit it for simultaneous consideration in the US and Europe." Insulin glargine is a biosynthetic insulin that differs from human insulin in three amino acids which change its physical properties and slow its release from the subcutaneous tissue into the circulation, providing continuous delivery throughout the day and night. As a result, it is long-acting and can be administered once daily in people with Type 1 or Type 2 diabetes. In clinical studies, it was shown that insulin glargine effectively imitates the human physiological basal insulin secretion." http://www.hmrpharma.com/hmrir/news/long_act.htm Insulin (Long-acting, Ultralente):wholehealthmd.com:"How It Works: Insulin, a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas, plays an essential role in controlling the metabolism and storage of carbohydrates, fat, and protein. Insulin is secreted in response to a rise in blood sugar (glucose). Insulin lowers blood glucose by increasing its uptake by body cells, especially muscle, and by reducing the release of glucose from the liver between meals. Range and Frequency: Injected 1 or 2 times a day. Doses and frequency are determined by your doctor.Long-acting (Ultralente) insulin can be mixed in the same syringe with rapid-acting insulin; draw up the rapidacting insulin first. Longacting insulin solutions are cloudy (insulin settles to the bottom of the bottle) and must be rolled or gently shaken to distribute the insulin evenly in the solution before drawing it up into the syringe." http://www.wholehealthmd.com/print/view/1%2C1560%2CDR_699%2C00.html A single daily injection of long-acting insulin:2aida.org:"Because of the differences in their duration of action, someone with diabetes can be treated either with 3 daily injections of regular insulin or 1 or 2 daily injections of long-acting insulin. To give 3 daily injections of regular insulin is admittedly troublesome, but it is more physiological. To give one daily injection of long-acting insulin is certainly less painful, but it has disadvantages. We shall try to explain these by using an example. The term: physiological processes means the normal healthy functioning of the organs of the body (heart, liver, kidney, pancreas, etc.)." http://www.2aida.org/aida/tutorial89.htm New Long-Acting Insulin Glargine Submitted For Approval (Middle of page):diabetesnet.com:"Hoechst Marion Roussel announced it has submitted the insulin glargine, a long- acting, once-daily basal insulin, for the approval of both the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicinal Evaluations Agency (EMEA). The action of glargine imitates the human physiological basal insulin secretion. It differs from human insulin in three amino acids. This changes the physical properties of the biosynthetic insulin and slows its release from the subcutaneous tissue into the circulation." http://www.diabetesnet.com/news/news050299.html#Top Search Nursing Diabetics http://www.nursingdiabetics.com/A-Z_list/ ******************************************************
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